Differences of temporomandibular joint symmetry in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate at different developmental stages / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Currently, the research results regarding the bilateral temporomandibular joint symmetry in patients at different ages with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) are still controversial. In this study, the position of condyle in the articular fossa and morphology of condyle in UCLP patients at different developmental stages was measured and analyzed to explore the asymmetry difference, which can provide a new theoretical basis for the sequential therapy.@*METHODS@#A total of 90 patients with UCLP were divided into a mixed dentition group (31 cases), a young permanent dentition group (31 cases) and an old permanent dentition group (28 cases) according to age and dentition development. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were imported into Invivo5 software for 3D reconstruction, and the joint space, anteroposterior diameter, medio-lateral diameter, and height of condylar were measured, and its asymmetry index was calculated.@*RESULTS@#The asymmetry index of condylar height and anteroposterior diameter among the 3 groups, from small to large, was the mixed dentition group<the young permanent dentition group<the old permanent dentition group (both P<0.05). There was no significant difference in condylar anteroposterior diameter and asymmetry index between the mixed dentition group and the young permanent dentition group (both P>0.05), all of them were lower than those in the old permanent dentition group (both P<0.05). Compared with the normal side, the height of fracture condyle was smaller among the 3 groups (all P<0.05), and the anterior joint space was smaller (P<0.05) and the posterior joint space was larger (P<0.05) in the mixed dentition group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In patients with UCLP, the asymmetry of condylar morphology increases with age, but the condylar position tends to normal. These results suggest that early treatment has important clinical significance for the morphologic development of temporomandibular joint in UCLP patients.

Predictive value of preoperative blood parameters on the efficacy of microscopic varicocele ligation for infertility patients with varicocele / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of preoperative blood parameters on the efficacy of microscopic varicocele ligation in the treatment of infertility patients with varicocele.Methods:The clinical data of 110 patients with varicocele admitted to Xi′an People′s Hospital and Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from June 2016 to January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Successful operation was defined as the restoration of all semen parameters (sperm concentration, forward motility, morphology, etc.) to normal values 6 months after operation. The patients were divided into effective treatment group (group A, 78 cases) and ineffective treatment group (group B, 32 cases). The blood parameters of the two groups were compared before operation. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between blood parameters [neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV)] and the success of microscopic varicocele ligation. The predictive value of blood parameters (NLR and MPV) to the success of microscopic varicocele ligation was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics, and sex hormone levels between the two groups before operation (all P>0.05); There were statistically significant differences in NLR and MPV in blood parameters between the two groups (both P<0.05), and there was no significant differences in other blood parameters (both P>0.05). There was no significant difference in semen parameters between the two groups before operation (all P>0.05). After operation, the semen volume, semen concentration, forward movement and sperm morphology of patients in group A were significantly improved compared with those before operation (all P<0.05), while the parameters of patients in group B had no significant difference compared with those before operation (all P>0.05). There was a negative correlation between preoperative NLR and the success rate of spermatic vein ligation ( r=-0.719, P<0.01), and a positive correlation between MPV and the success rate of spermatic vein ligation ( r=0.522, P<0.01). The ROC curve was used to analyze the threshold of predictive variables for the success of spermatic vein ligation. The optimal critical value of NLR was 2.01 ( P<0.01), and the optimal critical value of MPV was 11.45 ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Low NLR (<2.01) and high MPV (>11.45) may be useful preoperative predictive tools for identifying the group of infertile varicocele patients who would benefit most from microscopic spermatic vein ligation.

Three-dimensional analysis for changes in dentigerous cyst-associated maxillary canines after marsupialization in adolescents / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To observe three-dimensional changes of dentigerous cyst-associated maxillary canines (DCAMC) in adolescents after marsupialization by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
 Methods: A total of 34 DCAMC patients with dentigerous cyst aged 10-14 were divided into central type and lateral type, while canines on the non-cyst side served as a control. A three-dimensional reference frame was set up to analyze the position, angle changes and influential factors for DCAMC by using CBCT before operation and in 3-6 month after operation.
 Results: 1) Compared with pre-operation, there was significant vertical movement in DCAMC after marsupialization. Tip of tooth moved labially while tooth axis inclined mesiodistally; 2) Horizontal, vertical movement and mesiodistal inclination of DCAMC were significantly greater than those in the health side; 3) Compared with the lateral type DCAMC, the central type DCAMC showed a significant changes in labial inclination; 4) Horizontal movement, mesiodistal and labial inclination of lateral type DCAMC were all evidently greater than those of the central type DCAMC; 5) Vertical movement and inclination of DCAMC after marsupialization were significantly correlated to the time interval (r=0.354, 0.374, both P<0.05), while vertical movement of cuspid in health side was significantly negative correlated with the patients' age and the level of root formation (r=-0.506, -0.721, both P<0.01).
 Conclusion: DCAMC in adolescents can obtain obvious changes in position and angles after marsupialization regardless of the level of root formation, which is beneficial for further orthodontic treatment.

Research progress of apoptosis signal regulating kinases-1 and its inhibitors in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis / 中国药科大学学报

@#Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is the most common chronic liver disease. However, the treatment of NASH remains challenging. Apoptosis signal regulating kinases-1(ASK-1)is a member of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases(MAPKKKs). When the body is stimulated by reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium influx and extracellular inflammatory signals, c-Jun amino terminal kinases(JNK)and p38 MAPK wiube activated, which then promotes cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and production of inflammatory factors, and causes NASH, fibrosis and other diseases. Therefore, ASK-1 inhibitors can be used to treat NASH. This paper reviews the current treatment methods of NASH, the structure and mechanism of ASK-1, and the research progress of ASK-1 inhibitors in the treatment of NASH in recent years, which aims to explore the guiding significance for the design and development of ASK-1 inhibitors.

Three-dimensional morphological features of temporomandibular joint in skeletal malocclusion Class III patients with different vertical skeletal facial types / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To investigate three-dimensional morphological features of temporomandibular joint in skeletal malocclusion Class III with different vertical skeletal facial types.
 Methods: A total of 46 adults with skeletal malocclusion Class III were enrolled and allocated into a normal-angle, a high-angle and a low-angle groups. All patients were undergone cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Images of temporomandibular joint were reconstructed and analyzed by Invivo 5. Nine measurements relevant to the positions and forms of condyle as well as joint spaces were performed.
 Results: Significant differences were not observed between the 2 sides of each group among skeletal malocclusion Class III (P>0.05). Compared with the high-angle and normal-angle patients, the low-angle patients had larger superior spaces, bigger gradients of the articular tublecle, longer condyle, and larger internal spaces between the condyle and the fossa. Compared with the low-angle and normal-angle patients, the high-angle patients had smaller condylar antero-posterior diameters.
 Conclusion: Class III malocclusion patients with different vertical skeletal patterns have different positions and forms of condyles, which should be paid attention to in clinic.

Esthetic evaluation of frontal smile on different crown heights of lateral incisor and canine / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the effect of different crown heights of lateral incisor and canine on smile esthetics perception between orthodontists and patients.Methods:A total of 31 orthodontists and 56 patients on smile aesthetics perception were investigated.We adjusted the height of lateral incisor and canine to get 20 kinds of anterior tooth area morphology by Photoshop and asked interviewees to grade.Scores of satisfaction were recorded by Likert method.Results:Subjects in the 2 groups preferred smiles with upper anterior teeth edge parallel to lower lip.There was better acceptance for longer canines and less satisfaction at shorter lateral incisors in patients.Patients also got higher discrete degree of evaluation results and more rigorous about smile esthetics than orthodontists.Conclusion:Orthodontists and patients have different satisfaction at esthetics of anterior teeth.Esthetics preference should be considered in orthodontic treatment schedule.

Three dimensional measurement of craniofacial hard tissues for the Han nationality with normal occlusion in Changsha area / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the influence of gender and age on the measurement of cone beam CT (CBCT) in normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area.Methods:A total of 80 CBCT data of normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area were collected,including 40 adults [16 males and 24 females,aged (17.57±1.83) years] and 40 children[16 males and 24 females,age (11.50±1.26) years].Threedimensional cephalometric measurements were carried out by Dolphion Imaging software,and the influence of gender and age was compared.Results:The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues in male and female in the adults was good (the maximum asymmetric rate R was 6.39％ and the minimum asymmetric rate R was 0.08％).There was no significant differencein the anterior palatal width,palatal width,the upper incisor protrusion distance,the lower incisor protrusion distance,hyoid-mandibular plane,basal epiglottis width,and palatal plane airway width between the males and females (all P＞0.05);while the remaining indicators were significantly higher in males than those in females (all P＜0.05).There was no significant gender difference in angle indicators (all P＞0.05).There were significant differences in the posterior height,the maxillary length,the lower incisor protrusion,and the mandibular plane angle between the adults and the children(all P＜0.05);but the rest of indicators were not significant difference (all P＞0.05).Conclusion:The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area is good.The gender and age affect the line space measurements but not affect the most of the angle measurements.

Characteristics of mandible and mandibular dentition in patients with near-normal occlusion and different vertical facial skeletal types / 华西口腔医学杂志

Objective The aim of our work is to characterize individual normal occlusions to establish appropriate treatment standards for different vertical facial types. Methods A total of 30 patients with near-normal occlusion were grouped into high-angle group (eight cases), medium-angle group (12 cases), and low-angle group (10 cases) according to vertical facial skeletal type. Invivo5 software was used and digital imaging and communications in medicine data were rebuilt to measure the ∠L1/MP, ∠L6/MP, axis corner of L6, cant of occlusion plane, Balkwill angle, and Bonwill triangle of each group. Results Among the groups, the low-angle group had the smallest ∠L6/MP (P<0.05) and largest cant of occlusion. No significant difference was observed among the three groups with regard to the other parameters (P>0.05). Conclusion Patients with low-angle vertical facial skeletal type requires a modified treatment standard. In this group, the treatment standard must ensure that the cant of occlusion plane is more parallel to the Frankfurt horizontal plane compared with those of the other groups, and the axis of L6 is tilted distally relative to the mandibular plane.

Effect of longan tablets and levofloxacin on the treatment of chronic nonbacterial inflammatory prostatitis by single or combined application / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of etoposide and levofloxacin in the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis(CNP)alone or in combination.Methods A total of 168 patients with CNP in our hospital from August 2014 to January 2016 were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into A, B and C groups according to the random number table,56 cases in each group.Group A treatment alone, group B was treated with levofloxacin alone, group C was treated with Yongqing Tablet and levofloxacin, and the clinical efficacy and adverse hair loss were compared.Results After a course of treatment, there was no significant difference in the effective rate of treatment between group A and group B.The effective rate of treatment of group C was higher than that of group A and B, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no significant differences in the incidence of adverse events between the three groups.Conclusion The clinical effect of Tongueqing and levofloxacin in the treatment of CNP is higher than that of single administration, and it will not increase the adverse reaction.It is worthy to be popularized and applied.

Primary stability of mini-screw：buccal cortical thickness in maxillary posterior area of malocclusion / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Mini-screw stability is primarily related to alveolar bone cortical thickness. It is necessary to learn cortical thickness to choose suitable implanting sites and predict success rate. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the buccal cortical thickness in maxilary posterior area of Class II Division I malocclusion adolescents. METHODS: Fifty-two adolescents (including 26 male and 26 female) of Class II Division I malocclusion scanned by Cone Beam Computer Tomography were involved in this study. The buccal cortical thickness of six posterior interradicular sites (14-15, 15-16, 16-17, 24-25, 25-26, 26-27) at four bone levels (2, 4, 6, 8 mm) from the alveolar crest in both boys and girls were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no statisticaly significant difference in alveolar cortical thickness between left and right sides in the girls (P > 0.05); cortical thickness of 5-6 and 6-7 at 8 mm was thicker than that at 2 mm (P 0.05). Al sites in this study were suitable for mini-screw implantation; from the first molar to posterior dental arch, buccal cortical thickness is wel-distributed; it is dangerous for implantation in the areas around the first molar more than 6 mm, where the frequent presence of the maxilary sinus is observed. There is an increase of buccal cortical thickness from crest to base of alveolar crest, obtaining good initial stability.

Significance of young females’ different vertical facial types on the aesthetic evaluation of facial profiles / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:It is confirmed that the characteristics of soft and hard tissue development vary largely in different vertical facial types, which reflect the development trend of the patients and the control ing degree on anchorage. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the influence of different vertical facial types on the aesthetic evaluation of facial profiles in young females, and analyze the perception of facial attractiveness from different people. METHODS:Three beautiful females, with high, average and low mandibular angle, respectively were selected according to the measurement data of projection and the orthodontist’s aesthetic appreciation. They were yel ow race, bilateral facial appearance was basical y symmetrical, and no other maxil ofacial disease was found. They also received no orthodontic or orthognathic treatment. The profile digital photographs and cephalograms of three females were col ected. The positions of soft tissue lip and soft tissue chin were altered incremental y with Dolphin Imaging and Management software. Twenty-five new pictures were generated by the smal scale (2 mm per unit) modification in the sagittal direction. By using“acceptable facial appearance”as a filter, 15 orthodontists selected 11 from 25 pictures. Fifty parents of orthodontic patients, 50 orthodontic patients, and 50 amateurs were taken as the evaluators for subjective aesthetic ratings and for the assessment of the influence of vertical facial types on the facial profile attractiveness. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With low and average angle, straight profile, slightly protrude chin was perceived to be beautiful. With high angle, straight profile, slightly protrude profile was perceived to be beautiful, and evaluation results are consistent between men and women. Evaluators are in agreement when it comes to evaluating the perception of facial attractiveness of three different vertical facial types profile in young females. They also have certain difference in aesthetic tendencies, but when it comes to straight profile they share the same preference. Although different vertical facial types profile has an impact on the profile of lip and chin, but it can’t represent the aesthetic preference of al evaluators.

Changes of biochemical mark and bone histomorphology in male rats with different age / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the aged-related changes of biochemical mark and bone histomorphology in rats and to explore the effects ofαD3 on aged rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats with different age were divided into four groups, including group A (6-week-old male wistar rat), group B (6-month-old male wistar rat), group C (24-month-old male wistar rat) and group D (24-month-old male wistar rat +αD3). Group D was treated with αD3 three times per week for 10 weeks at a does of 0.05μg/(kgrameters. The left femur and mandible were collected for histomorphology. Results Compared with group A, ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and BGP in group B, C and D were decreased with age increased [(87.30 ±12.22)mmol/L VS (257.20 ±92.26) mmol/L, (55.23 ± 18. 18 ) mmol/L VS (257.20 ±92. 26) mmol/L,(46.17 ± 16. 6) mmol/L VS (257. 20 ±92. 26 mmol/L); (4. 37 ± 1.46) ng/L VS (9. 03 ±2. 04) ng/L,(3.80±1.00) ng/L VS (9.03 ±2.04) ng/L, (3.59 ±0.64) ng/L VS( 9.03±2.04) ng/L, P <0. 05]. TRACP5b in group C and D increased more than that in group B [( 15.69 ± 1.62 ) pg/L VS ( 7. 26 ±2.13) pg/L, ( 14.16 ± 1.88 ) pg/L VS ( 7. 26 ± 2. 13 ) pg/L, P < 0. 05]. Testosterone decreased significantly with age increased, but no significant difference was found among four groups. Testosterone was positive related with trabecular area of mandible. Bone gla protein was positive related with alkaline phosphatase and negative related with tartrate - resistant acid phosphatase 5b. Trabecular areas of femur increased in group C and D were greater than that in group B[(220310. 6 ±76360. 50) μm2 VS ( 105093.5 ±73242. 2) μm2, (293085.9 ±68230. 78) μm2 VS ( 105093.5 ±73242. 2) μm2, P <0. 05]. Compared with group B,the trabecular thickness of group C was increased by 53%, while trabecular separation was increased 123%. Trabecular area of group D was increased by 33% compared with group C. Conclusions Theresults showed that bone formation was decreased and absorption was increased with age increased. Testosterone was positive related with trabecular area of mandible. Alfacalcidol had the effects to promote the bone mass of mandible.

Biomechanical study on 3-dimensional finite element model of maxillary protraction and the palate expansion / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the rule of simulated protraction and palate expansion on shift of maxillary bone,and to supply the scientific data for treating maxilla in patients with cleft lip and palate.@*METHODS@#Based on the establishment of 3-dimensional finite element model of maxilla with cleft lip and palate, we used ANSYS 10.0 software to simulate protraction and expand fissures of palate, and analyzed the changes of maxillary shift.@*RESULTS@#After the simulated protraction and pa-late expansion,an upward, forward, and outward growth occurred on maxilla, and the normal lateral bow had no internal shrinkage as well as the abnormal one.@*CONCLUSION@#Combined palate expansion with maxillary protraction treatment in patients with cleft lip and palate tend to improve the development of maxillary bone.

Biomechanical study on 3-dimensional finite element model of simulated maxillary protraction after maxillary fissure repair / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the effect of simulated protraction after maxillary fissure repair on stress and shift of maxillary bone and to provide the scientific evidence for treatment of maxilla in patients with cleft lip and palate.@*METHODS@#Based on the establishment of 3-dimensional finite element model of maxilla with cleft lip and palate, we used ANSYS 10.0 software to simulate protraction, repair fissures of maxillary bone, and then analyzed the change of maxillary stress and shift.@*RESULTS@#The maxillary fissures could be enlarged by protraction without reparation of maxillary. Obvious motion was observed on the uninjured side, with 500 g/per lateral protraction and 30 degree protraction angle. The major principal stress and von Mises stress of craniofacial bone distributed evenly under protraction after fissure repair.@*CONCLUSION@#The maxillary fissures have an enlarged trend by protraction without repair.The protraction treatment benefits the development of maxillary bone after repairing maxillary fissure.

Establishment of 3-dimensional finite element model of maxillary in human complete unilateral cleft lip and palate with spiral CT scan / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore a faster and more precise method to establish a 3-dimensional (3 D) finite element model of maxillary in human complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Methods The surface of the model was created using Materialists Interactive Medical Image Control System (Mimics) software to deal with Dicom standard files obtained by scanning the cranium of the patient with multi-slice helical CT. The 3D finite element model for complete unilateral cleft lip and plate in maxillary was established by Ansys software. Results A 3D finite element model of maxillary in human complete unilateral cleft lip and palate was constructed with 27 405 units and 26 876 nodes. Conclusion The combination of Mimics software, Geomagic studio software, Ansys software, and spiral CT is able to create a 3D finite element counter model, which provides a faster and more valid method to study complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.